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Christmas traditions in Malta seem to be a combination of lay and semi-religious manifestations. The crib is one of the main semi-religious activities. Some folklore writers think that the first crib was introduced in Malta in 1617/18 by Blackfriars in their Rabat church. This crib was lit up on Christmas Eve with earthenware lamps burning inside paper lanterns.

Cribs were later introduced in state hospitals. Then the locals started producing their own for their homes. Maltese crib figures started to be made out of clay. Only the figure of the Infant Jesus and sheep were made out of wax. The Maltese created two types of cribs – small ones (know locally as ‘il-grotta’) and bigger ones. One of these crib makers was Maestro Saverio Laferla. His fame was widespread all over the islands, so much so that an eighteenth-century diarist entered the following comment for the 19 January 1761: ‘the death has occurred of Maestro Saverio Laferla, a barber, acclaimed for his skills in making cribs and statues of papier-mâché.’

In the 1870s we come across a large-scale mechanised crib at Ħal Qormi. It seems that this crib created such a sensation that 7 years later there was another one at Tas-Sliema. By the turn of the twentieth century the large-scale cribs became so popular with the Maltese that we find several references to them in the local press.

Nowadays we find cribs in many Maltese homes. Schools and other public institutions such as old people’s homes and hospitals also have their own crib. The crib’s popularity increased due to the activities of two crib clubs – one in Malta and another in Gozo. Both clubs organise a crib exhibition a few days before Christmas Day.

Clay crib figures have become popular again. We find two types of crib figures – the Maltese and Palestine types. The Maltese figures are dressed up in local costumes while the Palestine type wears biblical attire. The main figures of the Virgin and St Joseph as well as the three Magi (sometimes referred to as ‘kings’) are always dressed up in biblical style. Many Maltese open their crib to the public. Some of theses cribs are exhibited in garages and small chapels. The local press usually features some addresses to help both locals and tourists visit these cribs.

Floriana, Valletta’s suburb, is full of public gardens and memorials. The main memorials are assembled along the main route – Floriana’s St Anne Street – and before Valletta’s entrance area.

As you pass by Porte des Bombes on your right you will find the Dante Alighieri memorial. This was erected on the initiative of the Società Dante Alighieri. The monument is based on the winning design of Vincent Apap. It shows this Italian poet standing on rocks while in deep meditations. The pedestal is a rarity as it consists of 3 roughly cut boulders, symbolising Paradiso (paradise) Purgatorio (purgatory) and L’ Infermo (hell) the three ‘divisions’ of Dante Alighieri’s greatest literacy work – La Divina Comedia.

A few meters away along the same street, there is the Manoel de Vilhena Memorial. This monument was originally placed in the ‘Piazza d’Armi’ of Fort Manoel on Manoel Island. The monument was erected on the initiative of Fra Felician de Mont Savasse, a knight of the Order of St John. The figure was cast in bronze in the Order’s foundry by Aloisio Bouchut. The monument was relocated first in Valletta in ‘Piazza Tesoreria’ and later at the entrance of the Maglio Gardens. In 1989 it was relocated again to its present location in Pope John XXIII Square to make way for the Independence Monument.

At the end of St Anne Street there is the War Memorial. It was erected according to the design of Louis Naudi. This square-faced obelisk was constructed in Maltese lower globigerina limestone. At the bottom there are 4 commemorative plaques. The obelisk is a good example of British pre-war military and colonial art.

The Air Force Memorial is found at the left of the War Memorial. It consists of a column which is topped with a gilded eagle. At the bottom of this monument, there are circular plaques bearing the names of the fallen Air Forces heroes. It was designed by Charles Wheeler and Hubert Worthington. This monument is reminiscent of the pro-Anglican post war period. It is worthwhile to mention that every year wreath laying ceremonies takes places in front of these two memorials, in the presence of the President of the Republic, the Prime Minister and other dignitaries.

Next to this monument there is the Christ the King Memorial. Designed by Antonio Sciortino to mark the beginning of the 20th century, the 1900 Holy Year dedicated to Christ the Redeemer and the Eucharistic Congress of 1913. This congress was held in Malta. The bronze works were cast in the Rome Buongirolami foundry. The central figure represents Christ in a moving pose while the other figure represents Malta, in a veneration act. In former times this monument was the starting point of pilgrimages which used to end at St John’s Co-Cathedral. 

In front of the Maglio Gardens’ entrance there is the Independence Memorial. It was erected in 1989 showing a female figure representing Malta being unwrapped from a big, long bandage.

The knights of St John built long kilometres of fortified walls. They also built palaces and ‘auberges’ as places of residence. On the other hand, they seemed not to be keen to build castles. Throughout the years they only built one at Boschetto, a few kilometres away from Rabat/Mdina – Verdala Castle. The Maltese nobles built a few but only one is on a large scale – Selmun Castle.

Verdala Castle

The Grand Master, as head of the Order of St John, had his own castle – Verdala Castle. It was built during the time of Cardinal Grand Master Huges Loubenx de Verdalle as a summer palace. This castle is on high ground to benefit from cool summer breezes. It was built according to the design of Girolamo Cassar in 1586. It has a square plan. Next to it there is its chapel with its titular painting, a work of Mattia Preti.

This edifice is three storeys high and its corners are in the form of a tower. In case of enemy attack, from its rooftop, messages could be sent to the Valletta Magisterial Palace (today the President’s Palace). Its major attractions are a series of paintings depicting the life of Grand Master de Verdalle, executed by Filippo Paladini and its elliptical staircase. The castle is used by the Head of State as a summer residence. As sometimes this palace is opened to the public, I suggest that you ask the Tourist Information Office whether you could visit this historic place of interest.

Selmun Castle

The other castle was built on the plans of Maltese architect Domenico Cachia, around the year 1786. Its design was influenced by eighteenth-century architectural trends in Europe for fortified villas. It was built at the expense of a Maltese noble family. This castle stands on Mellieħa ridge. At its corners there are bastioned turrets. This castle is famous for its imposing hall as well as its banqueting room. It is worthwhile to mention that later this castle was used as a residence of the British petrol firm’s (BP) chairman residence. Subsequent it was turned into a hotel, a restaurant and tea rooms for a number of years. 

A large sanctuary stands on a hillock in the locality known as Ta’ Għammar, half-way between the Gozitan villages of Għarb and Għasri. This sanctuary has a particular story to tell. It started with the building of a small chapel by the Gentili family, dedicated to the Assumption of Our Lady. Around 1592 this chapel became the property of Filippinu Gauci who repaired it and commissioned a new titular painting. The chapel started to be know as ‘Santa Marija ta’ Pinu’ (Pinu is a name which orginated from Filippinu).

It was rumoured that a certain spinster from Għarb was invited by Our Lady to frequent this chapel in order to pray. One morning this woman was rather late and decided to recite her prayers while proceeding on her way to the chapel. As she approached the chapel’s footpath she heard a voice coming apparently from within the chapel: ‘Come! Come!’ She paused for a while and the voice continued: ‘Come today, for you will not be able to come back for a whole year.’ She went to fetch the key and entered the chapel. The voice continued: ’Recite three Hail Marys in honour of the three days that my body rested in the tomb.’

Many people got to know about this story and rumours started to be added. The church authorities wanted to put an end to these rumours published the true story in a diocesan newspaper. People started visiting this chapel. Priests began celebrating Mass from under a canopy which was erected in front of the chapel. As prayers were answered by Our Lady the offerings increased. Many holy pictures of the titular painting were printed. People started taking some oil from the lamp which was lit in front of the effigy. When they returned home they would anoint their sick with this oil.

The Gozitan Bishop decided to build a church next to this chapel. Its foundation stone was laid in 1920. The sanctuary edifice was completed after 16 years. Today this sanctuary is the main Marian church in Gozo. It is still visited by many people asking for the intervention of the Mother of God on their behalf. One of the visitors was Pope John Paul II who said Mass on the sanctuary parvis. In the ceremony he placed a halo of golden stars studded with diamonds around the head of the Marian effigy.

Nisa u rġiel nofshom għarwenin ħarġu fit-toroq u tefgħu fuqhom likwidu, taparsi demm, biex jipprotestaw kontra l-ġiri tal-barrin waqt il-festival ta’ Spanja.

L-Awstraljana Hannah Rose Bailey, kienet waħda mill-75 attivist favur id-drittijiet tal-annimali li pprotestat barra l-pjazza ewlenija f’Pamplona, ftit qabel ma fil-belt Spanjola ta’ San Fermin beda l-festival.

Din ix-xebba ta’ 22 sena kienet liebsa biss il-qalziet ta’ taħt u f’rasha qrun ta’ barri. Hi bdiet titfa’ fuqha t-taparsi demm bħala parti mid-dimostrazzjoni organizzata minn AnimaNaturalis u l-PETA.

Kien magħruf li madwar miljun persuna minn madwar id-dinja marru jsegwu dan il-festival ta’ ġimgħa, fejn ta’ kuljum il-barrin ħarġu fit-toroq jiġru wara n-nies.

Imbagħad filgħaxija kien hemm il-ġlied tat-toru.

Hannah sostniet li “it-tortura u l-qtil tal-annimali ma jista’ qatt ikun ġustifikat bħala varjetà.”Hu magħruf li kull sena jinqatlu 54 barri waqt dan il-festival.

Għodwa waħda, in-nanna ta’ Donna marret tagħmel qadja importanti. Donna baqgħet id-dar man-nannu. Kif kienu waħidhom ghall-kwiet, in-nannu poġġa maġenbha fuq is-sufan, u qagħad jaqralha storja dwar il-prinċipessa s-sabiħa ta’ xagħarha twil u dehbi li kienet tħobb tiżbogħ xufftejha bl-irtokk aħmar ghall-ballijiet. Donna ħadet interess liema bħalu f’din l-istorja għax bdiet tistħajjilha l-prinċipessa billi hi wkoll kellha xagħarha kemmxejn safrani. In-nannu tgħidx kemm ħa gost biha meta raha daqshekk kwieta dakinhar. Ħaseb li forsi sa fl-aħħar kienet qed trabbi l-għaqal. Kemm kien sejjer żball!

Ħin minnhom, in-nannu kellu bżonn jillarga ftit biex imur sal-kamra tal-banju. Wissa lil Donna biex ma tqumx minn fuq is-sufan sakemm ma jkunx hemm hu. Xi kwarta wara, mar lura ħdejha, u hi qaltlu bi tbissima: “Ħellow, nannu.” Iżda xħin in-nannu ħares lejha biex ikellimha, baqa’ skantat. Donna kellha xufftejha miksijin b’xi ħaġa ħamra mill-ewwel ‘l hawn. In-nannu ma setax jifhem x’kien ġralha. Qabad iħokk rasu għax beda jinkwieta bis-serjeta’. Beża’ li setgħet qasmet xufftejha b’oġġett li jaqta’, u ħarġilha ħafna demm.

Kif ratu abjad karti bl-inkwiet, Donna infaqgħet tidħak f’wiċċu għax indunat li kien qiegħed jaħseb ħażin għalxejn. Meta staqsieha għalfejn kellha xufftejha ħomor nar, hija qaltlu li malli ratu dieħel fil-kamra tal-banju, marret tfittex l-istoċċ tal-“lipstick” tan-nanna fil-kexxun tal-komodina, u hekk kif ġie f’idejha dellket ftit “lipstick” ma’ xufftejha bħalma kienet tagħmel il-prinċipessa tal-istorja tan-nannu.

 Xħin sema’ x’kienet għamlet, in-nannu rrabja maghħa għax ma kinitx semgħet minnu, u qabbadha timsaħ xufftejha minnufih għax kienet aktar saret tixbah lill-buffu inkella lill-prinċipessa tal-istorja. Donna kellha tobdih għax beżgħet li jagħtiha xi kastig jekk ittellagħhomlu aktar.

Meta n-nanna waslet id-dar, in-nannu kellu jgħidilha b’kollox xħin sabet il-marki tal-“lipstick” fuq il-komodina. In-nanna mbagħad daħlet fil-kamra ta’ Donna ħalli turiha li kienet taf li marret tgerfxilha fil-kexxun tagħha. Iżda meta ħasset lin-nanna dieħla fejnha, Donna għalqet għajnejha, u għamlet tabirruħha li kienet rieqda ma jmurx ifettlilha tagħmel għaliha. Lil Donna kien jilħqilha moħħha iżjed milli kienet taħseb in-nanna. Mur għidilha kemm daħket waħidha xħin lemħitha ħierġa minn kamritha minn taħt il-għajn meta ħasbet li tassew kienet rieqda fil-fond!

SKEMA TA’ GĦAJNUNA LIL-LIBRERIJA TAL-ISKOLA TIEGĦEK

Din l-iskema maħsuba biex il-libreriji tal-iskejjel jew tal-klassijiet ikomplu jistagħnew b’għadd ta’ kotba kemm bil-Malti kif ukoll bl-Ingliż għall-istudenti li jħaddnu. BDL qed tħaddem din l-iskema b’għażla kbira ta’ kotba u logħob kemm għall-iskejjel tal-Primarja kif ukoll għal dawk tas-Sekondarja.

Benefiċċji tal-iskema

• Għal kull ktieb jew logħba li l-istudenti jixtru f’din l-iskema, il-kumpanija BDL tagħti lura lill-iskola madwar nofs l-ammont tal-valur tal-ktieb f’forma ta’ voucher biex permezz tiegħu l-iskola tkun tista’ tixtri kotba li jkomplu jagħnu l-libreriji fl-iskejjel.
• Kull student li jixtri xi ktieb jew logħba f’din l-iskema jingħata voucher ta’ 25% fil-mija biex jixtri kotba għalih innifsu għal-librerija personali tiegħu.

Xi rrid nagħmel biex inħaddem l-iskema fl-iskola tiegħi?

L-iskola tista’ tikkuntattja lil BDL billi tibgħat email fuq [email protected] sabiex jintbagħtulha l-fuljetti li jagħmlu parti minn din l-iskema biex jitqassmu lill-istudenti.

Kif taħdem l-iskema?

1. Ngħaddulkom fuljetti stampati bl-informazzjoni tal-iskema u tal-ktieb abbinat magħha.
2. Dawn il-fuljetti jitqassmu lill-istudenti.
3. Jinġabru lura l-fuljetti bid-dettalji tal-istudenti u l-ħlas tal-ktieb.
4. L-iskola tgħaddi l-ordni bit-total tal-kotba lil BDL.
5. BDL jibgħat il-kotba ordnati lill-iskola biex jitqassmu lill-istudenti.
6. L-iskola tirċievi wkoll il-voucher bl-ammont intitolat skont in-numru ta’ kotba ordnati.
7. L-istudenti jingħataw voucher ta’ 25% mal-ktieb jew logħba li jordnaw li jista’ jissarraf mill-ħanut ta’ BDL, f’San Ġwann.

Eżempji

Jekk l-istudenti jordnaw 100 Dizzjunarju bil-Malti għat-Tfal, li jiswa €14.95, BDL jagħti lura lill-iskola voucher ta’ €800 biex tixtri kotba għal-libreriji tagħha kif ukoll 100 voucher ta’ 25% skont biex jitqassmu lill-istudenti mad-dizzjunarju li jkunu ordnaw.

Kampjuni tal-fuljetti

L-Ewwel Snin tal-Primarja

L-Aħħar Snin tal-Primarja

Għodwa waħda l-mamà u l-papà qamu kmieni iżjed mis-soltu għax riedu jgħaddu jaraw liz-ziju Toni l-isptar, li kien marid sew, qabel jerħulha għax-xogħol. B’hekk libsu f’kemm trodd salib u ħadu l-kolazzjon, iżda Luca u Elise kienu għadhom mitlufin fl-isbaħ raqda u ma kellhomx ħeġġa biex iqumu. Għall-ħabta tas-sebgħa nstemgħet taħbita ħafifa fuq il-bieb ta’ barra li kienet tindika l-wasla tan-nanna Marija, omm il-mamà. Hija dejjem kienet tieħu ħsieb lit-tfal meta l-mamà u l-papà ma jkunux id-dar. Bħas-soltu telgħet it-taraġ inkiss inkiss u baqgħet dieħla fil-kamra tas-sodda li kienet għadha kemxejn mudlama billi l-purtieri kienu magħluqin. Malli ntebħu bil-preżenza tagħha, Luca u Elise malajr tajru n-ngħas u tbissmulha qishom żewġ anġli żgħar. In-nanna għenithom iqumu mis-sodda, ħaslithom u libbsithom pulit għax riedet toħroġhom billi kien bnazzi. Tgħidx kemm kien jixraqlu l-jeans lil Luca, u l-qmis blu bil-kaxex sofor kienet tagħtih id-dehra ta’ raġel żgħir. Elise, li kienet sentejn akbar minn ħuha, kienet qisha sinjorina żgħira b’dik il-libsa ħamra tgħajjat u bis-sandli pariġġ.

Malli niżlu isfel, in-nanna tathom ftit ikel biex jitrejqu, rikkbithom fil-karozza u ħadithom il-bandli. Fit-triq wissiet lil Elise kemm-il darba biex ma titlaqx lil ħuha minn taħt għajnejha, u żżommlu idu l-ħin kollu ma jmurx jaqa’ u jweġġa’. Iżda malli waslu u niżlu mill-karozza, Luca telaq jiġri kemm jiflaħ u għalxejn bdew jgħajtulu oħtu u n-nanna biex jobdi għax ma riedx jaf. Huwa aktar kien moħħu biex joqgħod idur dawra tond fuq is-siġġijiet li jduru, u kultant kien jagħti xi ħarsa nebbiexa lin-nanna Marija li bdiet tirrabja u tinkwieta għalih mhux ftit. Meta sa fl-aħħar it-tifel kien xeba’ jdur fuq is-siġġu, resaq lejn il-bandla, tela’ fuqha u beda jitbandal b’tant qawwa li malajr għeja u ntasab bilqiegħda mal-art. Sakemm in-nanna ħalliet lil Elise titbandal ftit u tiżżerżaq maż-żurżieqa, marret fejn Luca u qaltlu li kienet se tugżah lill-mamà talli kien qagħad imqareb, iżda huwa ma riedx u nfaqa’ jibki. Hija tant infixlet li bdiet tkellmu bil-ħlewwa biex jieqaf mill-biki.

Ix-xemx ma damitx ma bdiet tisħon sew u għalhekk in-nanna u t-tfal ma damux ma reġgħu rikbu fil-karozza u rħewlha għal għand tal-ġelati. Tal-gabbana, raġel qsajjar u ftit ruxxan newwel il-ġelati tal-barmil lit-tfal u granita tal-lumi mdaqqsa lin-nanna li niżlitilha għasel. Fi triqithom lura d-dar Luca marret għajnu bih u Elise tħajret minnu wkoll, u xħin waslu kienu fl-isbaħ nagħsa. In-nanna refgħethom u daħħlithom fis-sodda u tgħidx kemm iggustathom reqdin għax kienu proprja żewġ Bambini sbieħ. Kienet għadha ma niżlitx it-taraġ li ma lemħitx lill-mamà dieħla lura d-dar mix-xogħol. Wara li ħadet belgħa te u kielet żewġ biskuttelli, in-nanna telqet lejn id-dar għax riedet tipprepara l-ikel għal filgħaxija, u l-mamà daħlet tistrieħ ftit maġenb it-tfal għax kienet ħakmitha l-għeja wara ġurnata xogħol. Ma kinitx tara s-siegħa u l-mument li, la jqumu, tagħtihom l-aħbar sabiħa li z-ziju Toni kien, f’daqqa waħda, qaleb għall-aħjar u li malli joħroġ mill-isptar, hi u l-papà kienu se jistednuh għall-ikel id-dar biex jiltaqa’ ftit magħhom u fl-istess ħin iferrħuh ftit wara li qatta’ diversi xhur fis-sodda.

Fix-xitwa Donna kien l-għors tagħha titgeddes qalb il-kutri. Xejn ma kien ikollha aptit tneħħi dak il-friex u dik il-piġama minn fuqha biex tilbes l-uniformi, u tmur l-iskola. Dejjem ħaddmet rasha mill-aħjar li setgħet ħalli tibqa’ rieqda fis-sodda f’xi ġurnata kiesħa.

Jum fost l-oħrajn, it-temp kien ċlampu, u s-sema kien miksi bi sħab ġriż. Kien jidher ċar li se tfaqqa’ xi maltempata kbira. Fis-sitta u nofs Donna stenbħet minħabba t-tisfira tal-iżveljarin. Kieku setgħet kienet issabbtu mal-art għax fakkarha li trid tqum tipprepara għall-iskola. Billi dakinhar kienet ġurnata kemxejn mudlama, u kien ukoll ħafna bard, Donna qatgħetha li ma tqumx minn hemm. Bdiet taħseb kemm se tkun kerha l-klassi bil-purtieri magħluqin. U jekk tfaqqa’ xi sajjetta u jinqata’ d-dawl, min jaf kemm kienet tibża’! B’dal-ħsibijiet iduru f’moħħha, Donna reġgħet tgħattiet sa fuq widnejha bil-kutri, u għalqet għajnejha ħalli terġa’ tintilef fid-dinja tal-ħolm għax dakinhar żgur li ma kienx galbu biex tmur l-iskola.

Xħin daħlet f’kamritha n-nanna, u ratha għadha mimduda fis-sodda, marret tpoġġi maġenbha. Donna ħassitha, u dlonk fetħet għajnejha. In-nanna qaltilha bil-ħlewwa li kien qed isir il-ħin għall-iskola, u Donna weġbitha fil-pront b’leħinha jirtogħod: “Ma… ma niflaħx, nann.” Billi ħasbet li kellha xi ftit flissjoni u wġigħ ta’ ras, in-nanna niżlet malajr sal-kċina biex tagħmlilha kikkra misħun bil-lumi ħalli jekk tagħmlilha tajjeb tkun tista’ tmur l-iskola. 

Però, il-ħsieb tan-nanna falla għax kif telgħet lura fuq sabet lil Donna bilqiegħda fis-sodda, u bdiet tgħidilha li telgħelha d-deni. Kif tatha t-termometru f’idha, in-nanna berrqet għajnejha għax rat immarkat bl-aħmar li kellha mija u tnejn deni. Issa emmnet tassew li kienet qamet ma tiflaħx, u li postha kien fis-sodda. Għattietha biex tistrieħ ħalli jgħaddilha, għamlitilha xugaman żgħir imxarrab fuq moħħha biex tniżżel id-deni, u tfitilha d-dawl. Hekk riedet dik ix-xifajk ta’ Donna. Kemm daħket waħidha taħt il-friex! Il-misħun bil-lumi baqa’ fuq il-komodina fejn ħallietu n-nanna għax ma kinitx tiggustah wisq.

Dakinhar dak il-hot water bottle, li kienet tqiegħed fejn saqajha kuljum qabel ma torqod, kien frankalha ġurnata skola. Sakemm in-nanna niżlet isfel biex tippreparalha l-misħun bil-lumi, Donna ħadet it-termometru mill-kexxun tal-komodina, u  ħarġet il-hot water bottle minn ġol-friex li l-ilma tiegħu kien għadu sħun wara l-lejl. Imbagħad fetħitu, żammet it-temperatura bejn subgħajha l-kbir u subgħajha l-werrej, u niżżlitha għal ftit ħin fih. B’hekk, sa ma reġgħet marret ħdejha n-nanna, it-termometru kien laħaq saħan bl-ilma tal-hot water bottle, u t-temperatura kienet telgħet għal mija u żewġ gradi. Donna ħadet gost li l-esperiment tagħha kien irnexxa għax kellha l-provi x’turiha lin-nanna, u kienet ċerta li ma kinitx se tibgħatha l-iskola bid-deni. U tagħha għaddiet!

Donna ħassitha tassew xortiha tajba għax dakinhar kien il-Ġimgħa, u mhux biss l-għada u l-pitgħada ma kellhiex skola, iżda anki t-Tnejn ta’ wara inzertat btala. B’kollox kellha erbat ijiem xi tgawdi la kienet bellgħatha lin-nanna li kienet ma tiflaħx. Però, qattgħet jum minnhom biss fis-sodda, u l-għada għamlet tabirruħha li fieqet. In-nanna żgur li kienet iġġibilha t-tabib kieku ma qamitx minn hemm, u mbagħad kienet toħroġ ta’ giddieba għax kien jinduna li mhux veru kienet ma tiflaħx. U darb’oħra ma kinitx tbellgħalha r-ross bil-labra kif ġieb u laħaq lin-nanna. Allura kien jaqblilha tħaddem rasha ħalli ma tinqabadx.